The dermal papillae are a highly active group of cells from the dermis mesenchyme origin. They are present at the base of the hair follicles. They play a crucial role in hair growth cycle by inducing follicle development from the epidermis to produce hair fiber. Epithelial-mesenchymal interaction of hair follicular cells regulates hair growth, which involves various molecular pathways such as BMP and Wnt signaling. Human Hair Dermal Papilla Cells gradually lose their hair inductivity and proliferation capacity in long-term cultures. Continuous advancement in culture techniques will help provide better models for studying hair biology and hair reconstitution in regenerative medicine.