ADORA2A gene encodes a protein which is one of receptor subtypes for adenosine, abundant in basal ganglia or vasculature. Activation of the adenosine A2A receptor by an agonist causes binding of Gs protein. Binding of Gs causes an adenylate cyclase stimulation and, therefore, an increase in the cAMP concentration. Adenosine A2A Receptor Assay from Innoprot allows the measurement of ADORA2A receptor activation by cAMP concentration increase.
Adenosine signaling plays an important role in inflammation and the immune response. Many cells in the tumor microenvironment express ectopic CD39 and CD73, leading to the buildup of extracellular adenosine. Engagement of adenosine with the high affinity A2a receptor (A2aR) on the surface of T cells, macrophages, NK cells, neutrophils, and dendritic cells causes downregulation of the immune response.
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