Human Pancreatic Stellate Cells (HPanSteC) are the main fibroblastic cells of the pancreas. HPaSteC are responsible for the synthesis and the degradation of the extracellular matrix proteins that promote tissue repair. They are present adjacent to pancreatic acinar cells and around small pancreatic ducts and blood vessels. Upon activation, HPanSteC assume myofibroblast-like morphology and secrete excessive amounts of extracellular matrix proteins. This proces can lead to desmoplasia in chronic pancreatitis and adenocarcinoma. HPanSteC can also act as progenitor cells, immune cells, and intermediaries in exocrine pancreatic secretion. Additionally, HPanSteC stimulate pancreatic cancer proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, and enhance angiogenesis. HPaSteC are the ideal model for studying pancreatic tumor formation and also to develop novel therapies for treatment of chronic pancreatitis and adenocarcinoma.